Given a dependency list of the components, how do you find the correct build order in MakeFile

This problem can be mapped to the Topological sorting of vertices in a graph  assuming each component as the vertice in the graph and edge as the dependency indicator.For more details see the link below.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting
Unix have tsort program for doing the same.
For a DAG(directed acyclic graph) tsort produces a listing of the vertices so that for all edges 'a->b', 'a' comes before 'b' in the listing. This is used in MakeFile for identifying the build order of the components in a way to fulfill dependencies. This will not work when the graph have cycles. (Cyclic dependencies are not taken care).
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsort_%28Unix%29

Nice article on beyond Hadoop for solving Big Data problem

http://www.bytemining.com/2011/08/hadoop-fatigue-alternatives-to-hadoop/

Nice talk

http://www.ted.com/talks/kevin_slavin_how_algorithms_shape_our_world.html?utm_source=feedburner

Very good resource for algorithms

If you are planning to learn all algorithms in a systematic way, you can visit this site.
http://www.allisons.org/ll/AlgDS/Glossary/
Good thing about this site is it outlines fundamental concept of data structure or algo with example and gives some practical use cases also.